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 Effects of Environmental Contaminants​

Effects of Environmental Contaminants​

Our main objective is to study the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of emerging pollutants (e.g. nanomaterials, endocrine disruptors, biocides or mycotoxins) and their bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms, particularly fish, through in vitro and in vivo approaches. We also develop environmental risk assessment methodologies and study potential contaminant resistances

Grupo de investigación dependiente del

Department of Environment and Agronomy

Pollution of waterways poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. One of the main sources of pollution is the agri-food sector, in particular intensive agricultural practices that require the use of chemical substances or nanomaterials that can produce harmful effects to aquatic organisms and humans. Our research group focuses its work on the study of the toxicity of pollutants, their bioaccumulation and the endocrine alterations that they can cause on aquatic organisms. We mainly study the effects of:

  • Nanomaterials
  • Agri-food waste
  • Mycotoxins
  • Biocides

The ultimate goal is to generate information and to develop the necessary tools to assess the risks of these substances for the environment and for humans. The knowledge generated is used: a) to determine the environmental status of specific areas, b) by the regulatory agencies to develop risk assessment tools and c) by industry to design production systems and safe products.

Investigation

Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials (NMs) contain particles with at least one of their dimensions between 1 nm and 100 nm. They have a high surface area with respect to their volume, which gives them very particular properties, which is why they are being introduced exponentially in the market for uses in different sectors including the agri-food industry. However, knowledge about their adverse effects is very limited.

Our studies have made it possible to determine that NMs: a) are toxic to fish cells and to aquatic organisms to a greater or lesser extent, depending mainly on their chemical nature and specific mechanisms of toxicity; b) they are capable of being internalized in the cell accumulating in different organelles according to their nature; c) they are absorbed by fish, distributing to different organs and bioaccumulating according to the type of NM; d) they can interact with each other producing more pronounced (synergistic) toxic effects.

  • Agri-food waste

    We have studied in detail the endocrine disrupting activity (estrogenic, androgenic and thyroid activity) of chicken manure and slurry residues. We have observed a significant hormonal load, mainly related to the presence of natural hormones, but prolonged application of these residues in agricultural practices can cause harmful effects on soils and affect groundwater.

  • Mycotoxins

    Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi that contaminate plant products and are highly toxic. The recent introduction of vegetable flours in fish feed can pose a risk to fish and the consumer. We have characterized in vitro the toxicity and hormonal effect of several mycotoxins and we are studying strategies to block the toxic effect of these natural substances.

  • Biocides

    The use of biocides for the control of harmful organisms is widespread, thus their presence in the aquatic environment is known. They are highly toxic to aquatic organisms but the toxic effect of most of their metabolites is unknown. We have generated an in silico predictive tool for the toxicity of these substances in algae, daphnia, fish and microorganisms. We have also observed that fish cell toxicity studies allow satisfactory prediction of fish toxicity.

    We are also studying the emergence of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in rodent populations throughout Spain.

Miembros

 Effects of Environmental Contaminants​  Members

Coordinador de Grupo

  • Victor García Herranz (2022)
    Interacción entre el receptor de hormonas tiroideas y contaminantes presentes en gallinaza
    Dirección: María Luisa Fernández Cruz y José María Navas | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Sasana Casado
    Mechanisms of activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in fish
    Dirección: José María Navas | Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM).
  • Tobias Lammel
    New insights into the toxicity of nanomaterials obtained by means of fish and mammalian cell lines
    Dirección: José María Navas | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Irene de la Casa Resino
    Nuevos horizontes en Ecotoxicología: biomarcadores destructivos y no destructivos en codorniz (Coturnix coturnix) y cigüeña blanca (Ciconia ciconia).
    Dirección: Marcos Pérez López, Francisco Soler Rodríguez y José María Navas | Universidad de Extremadura
  • Alba Quesada García
    Expression and function of detoxification processes in fish and alterations of reproductive hormonal regulation
    Dirección: José María Navas y Ana Valdehita | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Mona Connolly
    Mechanisms underlying the toxic action of nanomaterials: in vitro and in vivo approaches
    Dirección: José María Navas y María Luisa Fernández Cruz | Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  • Victor García Herranz
    Thyroidal activity in manure. Determination of responsible substances
    Dirección: José María Navas y María Luisa Fernández Cruz | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

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