The transition towards a more sustainable society that helps mitigate global climate change is currently being led by the development of a bioeconomy based on the use of biomass as a basic and renewable raw material. In this context, our group's main line of research is to develop processes to obtain biofuels and value-added products from the main components of lignocellulosic biomass using not only wood and non-wood raw materials, but also forest and agricultural residues. This approach covers the chemical and structural characterisation of the main components of lignocellulose, the optimisation of biomass fractionation technologies, and the conversion of the different components of biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. From a socio-economic point of view, the valorisation of lignocellulosic biomass is an opportunity for the development of the rural sector, promoting the creation and maintenance of employment as well as the use of the resources present around it. This development will involve key sectors of the economy, both primary sectors (agriculture and forestry) and secondary sectors (energy, chemical and materials industries), which seek to increase their competitiveness through better use of raw materials, products and waste.