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Design and management of selection and conservation programmes

Design and management of selection and conservation programmes

Our research is focused on optimising the design and the management of genetic improvement and conservation programmes for farmed animals, including aquaculture species. Using computer simulations and analysis of genomic data, we evaluate new methods of selection and inbreeding control.

Grupo de investigación dependiente del

Animal Genetics Departament

In a selection programme, the objective is to maximise the genetic progress of economically important traits, but imposing restrictions on the rate at which inbreeding increases. The control of inbreeding is necessary to avoid or alleviate the reduction in viability and fertility (a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression), which may eventually make genetic progress impossible despite the presence of genetic variance for traits under selection.

In a conservation program focused on threatened populations, the objectives are to maximize genetic variability and control inbreeding for alleviating inbreeding depression.

Both genetic selection and inbreeding control can greatly benefit from the use of genomic tools.

The main objective of our group is to develop methodologies for optimizing the design and management of selection and conservation programmes in farmed animals, using currently available genomic tools.

In recent years we have developed an important activity in genetic improvement programmes of aquaculture species. Furthermore, our group is a pioneer in the use of technologies to guarantee the maintenance and sustainable use of threatened populations.

Our group carries out research projects on a variety of terrestrial (cattle, sheep and pigs) and aquatic (Atlantic salmon, turbot, seabream, seabass, common carp, rainbow trout and shrimp) species. Our research is based on analyses of empirical data and computer simulations.

In particular, we are interested in:

Genetic diversity within and between populations.

Determination of population structure.

Estimation of genomic coancestry between individuals.

Estimation of genomic inbreeding.

Estimation of current and historical effective population size.

Detection of genomic regions controlling traits of interest

Resistance to diseases, sexual determination, growth.

Optimisation of the design of genetic improvement programmes.

Creation of base populations

New breeding objectives (disease resistance, feed efficiency, fillet yield, product uniformity).

Prediction of genetic gain and inbreeding with different selection methods.

Genomic selection

Prediction of genetic gain and inbreeding with different mating systems.

Methods to maximise genetic gain while restricting the rate of inbreeding.

​Development of strategies to control inbreeding and loss of genetic variability.

Optimisation of contributions using genomic relationship matrices.

Miembros

Design and management of selection and conservation programmes Members

Coordinador de Grupo

  • Jesús Fernández
    Carrying out the genetic management of a selection programme in the population of Penaeus vannamei in Nicaragua - Bajamar Séptima, Sociedad Anónima (Grupo Pescanova)
    2015 - 2016 |
  • Jesús Fernández
    Carrying out the genetic management of a selection programme in the population of Penaeus vannamei in Ecuador - Bajamar Séptima, Sociedad Anónima (Grupo Pescanova)
    2015 - 2016 |
  • Jesús Fernández
    Design and development of a genetic selection plan to improve production in sole (Solea senagalensis) - Safiestela S.A.
    2015 - 2016 | CON15-179
  • Jesús Fernández
    Implementation and management of genetic selection of the shrimp breeding programme of the National Aquaculture Group
    2020 - 2023 | NAQUA
  • Jesús Fernández
    Management and analysis of diversity in structured populations in the fields of conservation of genetic resources and animal breeding: Theoretical studies - MICINN
    2010 - 2012 | CGL2009-13278-C02-02
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Use of genomic tools for the conservation of the Iberian pig - MICINN
    2010 - 2014 | RZ2010-00009-00-00
  • Jesús Fernández
    Genetic selection programme to improve the production of seabream and seabass at the ABSA S.A.U.
    2011 - 2013 | CDTI
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Productive characterization and conservation in Uruguayan Creole sheep - FAO
    2013 - 2015 | CI14-023
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Estimation of the impact of selection and inbreeding on genetic diversity using genomic tools: Applications in animal breeding and conservation - MINECO
    2013 - 2015 | CGL2012-39861-C02-02
  • Jesús Fernández
    Biotechnological advances in the reproduction, genetics and health of sole - CDTI
    2015 - 2018 | IDI-20150906
  • María Saura
    Optimal design of the Galician Atlantic salmon conservation programme using genomic tools - MINECO
    2013 - 2016 | RZ2012-00011-C02
  • Jesús Fernández
    Genetic selection programme for the improvement of growth in seabream (Sparus aurata, L.); evaluation of genetic progress achieved
    2014 - 2017 | CDTI
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Improving European aquaculture by advancing selective breeding to the next level for the six main finfish species - Unión Europea (FP7)
    2014 - 2019 | FISHBOOST
  • Jesús Fernández
    Analysis and control of molecular inbreeding and coancestry in the management of genetic resources for conservation and animal breeding - MINECO
    2017 - 2020 | CGL2016-75904-C2-2
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Mediterranean Aquaculture Integrated Development - Unión Europea (H2020)
    2017 - 2021 | MedAID
  • María Saura
    Estimation of the impact of the host inbreeding on the genetic diversity and abundance of microbiota of ovine reproductive tracts
    2019 - 2022 | RTI2018-096487-R-C33
  • Beatriz Villanueva
    Estimation of effective size and inbreeding depression using genomic data: applications in animal breeding - MICINN
    2021 - 2025 | PID2020-114426GB-C22
  • Silvia García-Ballesteros García
    Optimisation of aquaculture improvement programmes, using genomic tools (in progress)
    Dirección: Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  • Elisabeth Morales González
    Analysis and control of genomic coancestry for the management of genetic resources in conservation and genetic improvement programmes (in progress)
    Dirección: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia
  • Edgar L Reinoso Peláez
    Study of the metagenome of the reproductive tracts and determination of its role in the reproductive efficiency of the ovine species (in progress)
    Dirección: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
  • Daniel Kleinman Ruiz
    From genetics to genomics in the conservation of the Iberian lynx (2020)
    Dirección: Universidad de Sevilla
  • Tiago Fernandes
    Optimisation of selection programmes in aquaculture (2020)
    Dirección: Universidad de Cádiz
  • Fernando Gómez Romano
    Managing genetic diversity in conservation programmes using high density marker panels (2015)
    Dirección: Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  • Lara Covelo
    Role of DNA methylation in the control of development and genomic stability in two anadromous fish species (Petromyzus marinus y Salmo trutta) (2015)
    Dirección: Universidad de Vigo
  • Carmen Amador Arranz
    Population management strategies to reverse exogenous gene introgression (2012)
    Dirección: Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  • Jean Paul Lhorente
    Evaluation of specific and joint genetic resistance to pathogens Caligus rogercresseyi and Piscirickettsia salmonis in Atlantic salmon (2012)
    Dirección: Universidad de Chile

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